Co-subsumption, Co-emergence, and Evolving Systems

July 31st, 2010 by admin

I have long held that evolving systems may subsume each other. For instance, social evolution may subsume genetic evolution. Or memetic evolution may subsume genetic evolution. It is clear that social evolution subsumes memetic evolution. But is it possible that memetic evolution also subsumes social evolution?

If that’s the case, we may even have co-emergence to talk about as well. But this probably sounds like crazy-talk. I mean, how can you possibly have A emerging from B at the same time B emerges from A? Is that not a chicken-egg problem?

I say that not only is this a possibility, in in fact goes on all the time. Let me see if I can present an example.

There is a genera  in the media call Manga (and Amime is closely related) . If we consider Manga to be a meme-complex or memeplex, then it is clear that this memeplex has been evolving over time. It has given rise to a cult following where fans read Manga  and talk about it, blog about it, do art about it, and even have conventions on it. This is the Manga social-comple, or socialplex, that has taken on a life in its own right.

But wait! Didn’t I just say that these Manga fans, due to the socialplex, give rise to new memes in the memeplex, which obviously affects the socialplex?

This all becomes very complicated very quickly, trying to deal with two highly dynamic systems subsuming each other in this manner. But the key to understanding this is that both share a common host, both influences host behavior, and so it’s not so surprising that co-subsumption and even co-emergence can arise in this situation.

Obviously, I need to give much more thought to this issue.

Posted in Science, Mathematics, Geeky Stuff, Society, Philosophy | Comments Off

Having a Degree vs. Being an Autodidact

December 12th, 2009 by fred

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Posted in Science, Politics, Freedom, Geeky Stuff, Philosophy, Education | Comments Off

Are you a “neuron” in a “Mass Mind”?

June 27th, 2009 by fred

If there is one qualifying thing about humans, it’s one thing: They love to communicate.

Witness the births and rapid development of communication technologies, from smoke signals (well, they did travel at the speed of light!) to the Gutenberg Press to telegraph to telephone to mass media systems like radio and TV to now the Internet.

Now, you can find others that share your interests, no matter how obscure, anywhere and everywhere on the planet.

You can hook up with old high-school and college chums you haven’t seen in 30 years. You can find those local with your common obscure interests and meet them in person. You can sell objects of limited interest — or find them. You can conduct business with others around the world that you have never met in person.

You can even work from home in a “virtual company”. Or you can make money selling ads on your web sites. Or find other creative ways to make money. Even find jobs and the like.

Information abounds from Wikipedia to every college and university that have cared to put up free courseware and research papers  on the web. Or you can get the goods on a person by hitting aggregate data services and track a person’s every address, job, and other activities going back decades.

Governments also have the goods on you, secretly monitoring your communications and bank transactions for whatever purposes they see fit…

My point here is that we now live in an age of hyper-connectivity. Not just instant communication, but for each and every individual being able to reach hundreds if not thousands with ANY information for ANY purpose at low to no cost.

With all this hyper-connectivity, some emergence is inevitable. The question is, of course, can or has that emergence organized itself to be a thinking, throbbing entity all its own? Is this possible? And if so, how would we mere “neurons” know it’s happened?

Keep in mind, as well, that this “mass mind” might operate — and most likely would — on time scales much different from  our human time senses would recognize. What if it took a day to complete a “complete thought”, whatever that would be? A week? A year? How would we know?

I do think this question is answerable — in time. And wouldn’t it be ironic that, in our searching and yearning for discovery of extra-terrestrial intelligence, that is emergent intelligence was with us all along sitting right here under our noses?

Well, what would we call such a thing? What would a neuron call the brain? I’ll leave you with that thought. :-)

Posted in Science, Mathematics, Fun, Geeky Stuff, Computers, Society, Philosophy | No Comments »

A Post on SlashDot today about the global financial situation.

December 27th, 2008 by fred

From article: Can the Auto Industry Retool itself to build rails?

  1. Today is not anything like the economic system that existed during the last Great Depression. Completely different world. It is almost unhelpful to draw too many parallels between then and now.
  2. Today’s economic system is much more global than it was back then.
  3. Chaos Theory and Complex System Dynamics needs to be applied to the global picture we have today. For any number of reasons. And I have yet to hear any economist speaking of today’s world in such terms.
  4. The principle of Self-Organized Criticality is definitely apropos here. The market organized itself to a critical state, where nearly any shout in the mountains from anyone would bring the whole thing down.
  5. I have my own variation of this principle — let’s call it the Evolutionary Humpty-Dumpty Principle. A Complex Dynamical System (CDS), if of the right character, has a tendency to organize itself to a critical state such that your typical control points will simply fail to function. The Feds always attempt to control the market through interest rates and the supply of money; other major governments around the world employ similar controls, and others as well. The details, after a fashion, are not all that important so much as the fact that the market will “build up a tolerance” for such artificial control artifices. Hell, our own bodies do it with drugs constantly taken all the time. Why not the global market?
  6. There are many aspects of this economic system that is predicated on the fallacy of “infinite resources, infinite growth”. Yet any 7-year-old can tell you that the system is NOT infinite. So what do we have? Many free-running Ponzi schemes, like Social Security and the Stock Market. Yes, boys and girls, those gaining money out of those systems do so at the expense of others.

When you wrap your mind around all of this — and more — you will begin to understand how truly frelled we really are. Where you should focus your view is not on what the “talking heads” babble to you every day, but on the flow of money and the structure of the system, noting where assumptions are made without basis. Noting the points where the lack of transparency exists. Noting all the zero-sum instruments in finance that is billed as something other than what it really is. Noting that when governments print money, the actual value of the overall picture has a tendency to stay constant. Printing money is a panic reaction to a situation that our leaders have no understanding of. Printing money will only buy a short-term advantage, with a much bigger drop later.

Look for the lie in anything you hear over the major media outlets with regards to the market. They are most likely not telling you the truth so much as they are trying to influence and manage your behavioral dynamics in hopes they can stitch Humpty back together again.

Take what I state here with a grain of salt if you wish. Or do your own research and come up with the same conclusions that I have. And doing the research will not be easy because many of the players in the financial world actually believe the lies they spout on a daily basis. You must reach behind them to see the circuit boards for yourself, and follow the actual layout, not what they tell you what it is.

And most of all, embrace complexity, because the world is far from simple!

Posted in Mathematics, Politics, Society, Philosophy, Finance | No Comments »

Of Memes, Genes, and the Forces of Evolution

December 23rd, 2008 by admin

It occurred to me this morning that Memes have the greatest successes for existence if they can do two things:

  1. Program for their own retransmission (Thought Contagions, Lynchian Memetics)
  2. Quell or Obliterate competing memes.

The two above are not new ideas to the field of memetics. However, what interest me is how memetic evolution can influence genetic evolution. That is to say, how can memes direct the biological evolution of their hosts? Those meme sets that can accomplish the above 2 and also improve on the biological reproductive rates of their hosts whilst at the same time leveraging parthenogeneic transmission, will be especially virulent over time and become solidly entrenched.

Such successful meme sets are usually referred to as “culture”.

A principle for memetic success I will put forward is that it also induces “clumping activity” in its hosts. Normally, we refer to this as “clans”, “city-states”, and “countries”. We also refer to this as “race”, “ethnic identity”, “feminism”, etc.

Indeed, any of the “isms” can be construed as a set of memes that strongly induce clumping behavior among its hosts.

Posted in Science, Mathematics, Politics, Geeky Stuff, Society, Philosophy | 1 Comment »

Teaching a Man to Fish…

June 22nd, 2008 by fred

An interesting thought occurred to me this morning. It’s all about the “teaching a man to fish” aphorism.  I thought about this in context with the way I’ve been homeschooling my kids.

Basically, as you know, the aphorism goes thusly:

Give a man a fish and you feed him for a day.
Teach a man to fish and you feed him for a lifetime.

Well, that’s nice and all, and demonstrates the importance of education with regards to self-actualization and a lot of other goodies. But it seems to be lacking something, something that is embrolied in the approaches I have been using to homeschool my kids.

You see, I always thought that the love of knowledge actually more important than the knowledge itself. A person can  be”taught” anything, but if the person has no love for it, no passion, no desire to embrace what has been taught, then the teaching will only go so far.

The goal with the teaching of anything is not only to teach a thing, but to somehow inculcate a love for the thing. When you desire a thing, you are more prone to go out on your own to learn more about the thing. Of course, inculcating desire is not always possible in the typical teaching situations, but as a parent, I have an avenue open to me that few other would be able to travel.

By example, by being passionate myself, by openly showing my own love and thirst for knowledge, I can inculcate that desire for knowledge and understanding in kids, and have done so.  And actually, any good teacher can do much of the same. Though, as a parent, my kids see me everyday, so I can be much more effective.

You don’t even have to be perfect as a parent, either (but you do as a teacher! :-) ) For instance, I have shown a desire and love for learning foreign languages to my kids– and most notably French.  Today,  after 10 years, I still struggle with French and would probably have a hard time asking for where the nearest drugstore is in Paris, but I did learn something, and the kids saw that.

Their young minds are much more able to pick up languages than my 40-something brain is, and so one daughter has taken it upon herself to learn Japanese and German. The other daughter is starting to pick up an interest from her sister and — I estimate — will increase in her interest soon. Perhaps she’ll pick different languages to learn apart from her sister or her dad. Or maybe some of the same. Who knows?

So, getting back to that aphorism, I thought to add an additional line. So now it becomes:

Give a man a fish and you feed him for a day.
Teach a man to fish and you feed him for a lifetime. 

Give a man the desire to fish, and he’ll start a whole fishing industry that will teach and feed thousands.

Yes, that is the distilled essence of my approach to homeschooling, and how I approach life in general. Find a way to create desire, and you have found a way to create something disruptive. Something with the power of changing the world, something that will have a ripple effect that will reach many people in ways you would never have thought of.

A good question to ask is how we can accomplish that small feat in not just the homeschooling environment, but with any teaching establishment in general?

The answer is simple and plainly obvious. Alas, the devil’s in the implementation. The answer is, of course: find those passionate teachers and put them in front of students. But where do you find enough passionate teachers to kick something of this magnitude off? Something that will take the US school system from being ranked 18th in the world back to number 1?

There are those who blame the poor performance in the educational system on the heterogeneous composition of the United States.  To that I say, hogwash. The link above indicates a few possibilities as possible causes, including how subjects are taught here in the US, which tends to focus more on procedure than concepts — something I have personally noted myself, which is part of the reason I elected to homeschool my kids.  But to teach concepts, rather than procedure, the passion of the teacher will have a strong bearing on how well those concepts are taught, and how eager the students will be to learn them and use them.

It is my strongly held opinion that the nature of the bureaucracies surrounding the teaching establishment in the US has a lot to do with how poorly the US ranks in the world. Teachers are not as free as they should be on how they create their lesson plans and chose the materials to be taught. Too many subjects are thrown at the students all at once. And there also seems to be an over-emphasis on homework that eats up more of the kids’ time away from school which takes away from the time the kids have to  just be kids, to explore their own interests, or even to allow their parents to do supplemental schooling.

When I was homeschooling my kids, I only spent 2-3 hours with them on a couple of subjects, and we would focus on different subjects over the year, one or two at a time. I would also incorporate the homeschooling into our general lives, constantly introducing them to new concepts  and ideas in a very informal way.  In many respects what I did — and still do — would not even look like homeschooling to the average person.  Currently, I had to enroll them back in public school and they do very well, so my approach obviously worked.

But I digress. Where I spent 2-3 hours a day, the public school system spends 6 hours, plus they also give the students an additional 1-2 hours of homework every night.

The homework, in my state at least, counts as a major part of the grade, and if you don’t do it, you may be dropped one or two points on your letter grade. Your “A” may become a “B” or even a “C”. In some cases, it could get even worse.

And from the homework I’ve seen, it seems to focus much more on doing rote procedures than learning new concepts. It seems to be much more about  “busywork” than about actual learning and exploration of the subject. It seem to be much more about generating paperwork for the bureaucratic engine than it is about giving the desire and thirst for knowledge to our kids. If anything, it may serve to burn many kids off from the notion that education can be fun and rewarding.

In essence, it would appear the the US school system is geared and design to accomplish the exact opposite of my goals. It would seem that our public schools deliberately set out to destroy the natural and innate curiosity that our precious kids are born with.

If creating the desire to fish could feed nations, what effect would destroying the desire to fish have? Or worse, even creating a resentment of fishing? What effect would destroying the desire to learn have on our individual kids and on the nation as a whole?  In a world of increasing globalization, where would it leave this country financially? From a social standpoint, where would it leave this country? What kind of a future we could possibly hope to have with a nation of today’s knowledge and education-hating youth becomes tomorrow’s adults and the society at large?

We already are beginning to see some signs of this degradation in the overall quality of our nation. Look at what’s been going on with politics for the past couple of decades.  Witness what the media chooses to focus on and report. Note how the strong trend to “dumming down” the details of the coverage is. Or the interest in science and mathematics.  Or appeals to “just believe” rather than “gaining understanding”. Look at the quality of what’s available on the hundreds of channels on Cable and Satellite TV.

When you look at all of these fine elements and put the picture together, you begin to see the “big picture”. You begin to see where society as a whole is already headed, and you can also see what some of the causative factors are. It’s all there in front of your eyes, so look for yourself. Don’t take my word on it.

But before you lapse into  a state of perpetual despair,  ask yourself the question of what can be done to fix it.

It all boils down to individual action. It all boils down to focusing on what’s in your own backyard first. The old adage of “think globally, act locally” is close to the mark, but not quite spot on.  Let me modify that adage a bit:

Watch Globally
Think Locally
Act Locally
Solve Globally

Think about it for a moment. What influence do you have? Most of us only have local influence, so it really does not make much sense to spend too much time and effort on the global situation unless you have the power to affect global change. But if you have that kind of power, you are most likely already part of the problem rather than the solution.

But in thinking locally, you see real things that you can do something about. However, we still have to keep an eye on what’s going on globally, so we stay informed with information that may even effect how we think locally.

Most of us only have the power to act locally. So, if you have local focus with some input of the global situation, you can be much more effective locally.

And finally, the last part — Solve Globally.  This is where the collective effects of our individual local actions results at changing the global landscape. No government can stand against individuals taking local action. Governments typically don’t have a grasp on the whole notion of emergent systems and would be caught off-guard, which is the whole idea. We don’t wait around for the government  to fix the problem for us, because, frankly, it never will. I mean, think for a moment. How many decades has it been where you’ve heard politicians promising a “fix” to  the education problem in the US, yet we’re worse off than ever before? What was the whole “no child left behind” rhetoric all about, besides a sneaky way for the armed forces to get a mailing list on our kids for purposes of turning them into cannon fodder?

I leave it to you, then, to take action locally and solve the mess we are currently in globally.

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Of Human Perception, Market Forces, and Global vs. Local Ecomonies

May 25th, 2008 by fred

A good friend of mine sent me this link on an article about how China has taken an interest in Ithaca HOURS. I find it a fascinating subject the possibility of establishing local Ithaca HOURS currencies and economies that are immune to the economic geopolitical hedging, speculation, manipulation and control. Indeed, it would be a good thing to have stable economies free of government control and exploitation. It would be a good thing to have some means of currency backed by something other than fiat.

It is not my intention here to discuss — or even criticize — traditional economic theory, though some of what I state will give that appearance. But for the longest time I have always been curious about currency, instruments of trade, and the human perception of value. What is is that compels so many of us to work long hours and do other things in order to gain a count of “tokens” that we then use in trade for exchange of goods and services? What is the intrinsic basis of “worth?” Why would we do something for, say, a million dollars, but not ten thousand? Just what is this human psychology of value?

Let us begin with the Individual. That would be you, me, any one person of sound mind living in this world. An Individual has needs, wants, and a desire to live. An Individual has a level of self-esteem and a level of self-worth. An Individual has certain talents, skills, traits, and — well, yes — value.

But just what is this “value”? We normally take this and other human concepts for granted, but I find it extremely helpful from time to time to take a critical eye at these default notions in order to try to understand them and what underlies their function in our inter-dependent world.

It is clear to me that “value” occurs at the Individual level. An Individual posses the notion of “value”, and, of course, that notion is relative to the Individual. And let me state this: “value” is the Individual’s perception of the exploitability of a thing. In this discussion I do not use “exploit” in a negative context, but as a neutral way to describe one’s desire to leverage advantage, which is something we all do every day of our lives. We “exploit” our cars to get us from point A to point B. We “exploit” the people we may hire to get useful goods and services out of them. At some level, we even “exploit” our friends so that we can have a sense of community. So I don’t see the concept of exploitation as a negative. Where the negative comes in is when we may exploit other individuals without just compensation. If we exploit the window washer to wash our windows but fail to pay him the agreed-upon compensation, then we have cheated that Individual and that is NOT a good thing. But this is an important issue to my discussion as well, because Governments exploit Individuals all the time without just compensation. Yes, it’s true, and think about it. Every government around the world exploits its Individuals under its rule without just compensation. And the modus operandi of that negative exploitation is based on manipulating the perceived “value” of government-created currency by means of fiat, global politics, controlling financing and debt and the like.

But I digress. But hold that thought. Individuals create the notion of “value”, and Individuals act on that perception of value for reasons of exploitation.

Individuals living in a group is what we call “community”. Each Individual member of that community has distinctive talents and skills, and may also hold various distinctive resources that may be used in trade. Some of those resources may be the result of other trades the individual engaged in in the past; other resources may be due to what the Individual himself created. (And in this discussion, I use the pronouns “him”, “he”, etc. strictly in the epicene and is understood to also mean “her”, “she”, etc.)

It is clear, therefore, that “value” is created due to human effort, and that time is involved in the creation of that “value”. It is also clear that all Individuals possess within themselves the means to create “value” of one form or another, and so to trade in time units of human effort seems all too natural. Because, in effect, we are trading some intrinsic value based on time spent creating these things we value.

But it is also clear that the time of one Individual may be more “valuable” than the time of another Individual. A window washer’s time, for instance, will simply not equate to the time value of say, a neurosurgeon. A brick layer’s time, while a valuable skill to be used, will not be of the same value as, say, a software engineer. 2 hours of a software engineer’s time might be worth 20 hours of a window washer’s time.

So how a thing is valued also has to do with supply vs. demand, which sounds like “old school” economics. Old-school economics is not necessarily a “bad” thing or even a “wrong” thing, but it does represent an incomplete picture, because it does not attempt to describe the human nature and perception of “value”, but takes it as read and creates artificial idealized notions based on some highly idealized assumptions on what “value” is, which, in the opinion of this writer, simply does not represent reality.

But back to my main point, Individuals with diverse skills, talents, and resources live in Communities for the mutual benefit of exploitation. Members of a community exploit each other for mutual gain. The concept of mutual gain is an extremely important one to keep in mind — it means that the net value of the community at large actually increases over time. With every single honest transaction, new value is created where none existed before. That value — unless it is subjected to negative exploitation by externalities — accumulates over time and results in a stronger community overall.

Strong communities are very good things. Strong healthy communities create their own intrinsic safety nets — should a particular Individual member of that community befall “hard times”, that Individual can be — and usually is — helped back on his feet by the strength of the Community and the collective value that has been accumulated over time. And this takes place without taxes, without force, without the usual mistaken “Robin Hood” notions that many in the United States and other socialist countries see as a “necessary” thing to help those “in need”.

Strong healthy communities help to foster good self-worth, self-identity, and self-responsibility. In such a positive atmosphere, Individuals are encouraged to be creative and to find newer and better ways of creating value that all with benefit from. That can only result in the community becoming ever stronger and more resilient. An emergent phenomenon that is truly wonderful is the notion of “value” to the community, which is not to be confused with “community values”, which is a moral, not economic connotation. When an Individual understands what is valuable to the Community he is a member of, he then understands how he can exploit what is value to increase his own worth and wealth, whilst adding even more to the collective value of the Community at the same time!

So if all I have said here is true, why don’t we see more of the same today? Recall, if you will, I mentioned externalities that may get in the way of this wonderful dynamic of Communities creating their own wealth. External agencies that seek to extract wealth from a community and from individuals. External agencies that seek to exploit value without just compensation, and does so by force, removing Individual choice from the equation.

You see, taxes have to be done by force for the plain reason that there is no just compensation for the Individual. If there were, force would not be necessary. If someone were to give me 3 pieces of gold for every 2 pieces I gave away, there would be no reason to hold a gun to my head! But, on the other hand, I only get back one piece of gold for every 2 I give away, I would not do so willingly, so a “gun” would have to be held to my head to force me to do it. That agency looking to give me back less value for my hard-earned wealth could only do so by way of giving me a reason to fear if I did not comply. In effect, they would have to threaten me with stealing even more of my wealth, destroying even more value!

Think about this for a moment. What effects would this have on a Community? The community that has to also deal with being robbed of its collective wealth could never become very strong. It could never create a good intrinsic “safety net” for its individual members. Creativity would not have the payoff it otherwise would. All Individuals would be discourage by the specter of getting less back for hours spent, not more. There would be no incentive for self-improvement, self-innovation, and self-actualization that is so important for growing healthy communities of Individuals.

Now, those in that communities that are less well-off will have to depend on the external agencies — that looted the community wealth in the first place! — for “help”. And that “help” will undoubtedly be of far less quality than what the Community itself could’ve offered would it have been allowed to grow strong on its own. The “help” would not be of a positive variety — one of “teaching one to fish for a lifetime”, but for a lifetime of dependence. This only has the impact of further undermining the community and its collective self-worth and collective self-esteem.

Whenever something “has” to be done “by force”, that is usually a very big warning sign that things have already gone horribly wrong. And that changes must be made. These externalities care nothing for the Individual, but have their own goals in mind for dominance and power. Whenever power and control becomes more important than the Individual, no good can come of that. Whenever the use of force becomes routine rather than the exception, we have already lost the way and freedom is compromised. Whenever we are forced to give up value in exchange for something of less value — or nothing at all, building collective and Individual wealth becomes impossible, and we forever become slaves to those externalities that see to use its negative exploitation tactics on us.

In a world where negative exploitation by powerful externalities have become the rule, how do we deal? One way is to create a system of fair exchange that exists outside of the powers to be negatively exploited. If my friend values my time and I value his time, we have a mutually valuable relationship that would be hard to negatively exploit by some external agency. We have a mutual trust and a mutual expectation that can go a long way to building our collective wealth. And this happens solely on the basis of exchange of time — my time for his time and his time for my time at a mutually agreed-upon exchange rate. And there would be nothing there for some externality to manipulate or force to our mutual disadvantage. We can build our collective strength as a community and get much accomplished.  And we would be immune to the shocks and downfalls of the global economic jungle.

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Renaissance 2: I Stand on the Shores of Infinity

April 16th, 2008 by fred

I awoke this morning. That in and of itself is a noteworthy goal.

As I got up, I noticed that I was standing on the Shores. The sand beneath my morning feet, the rocks, the sea gulls, the crashing of the oceanic waves amidst a million years of evolution to be heard by ears fashioned by the ancient need for survival.

I found that I can stop any wave, any whitewater crash, any tidal, any disaster by just waving my hand gently in the air at it. There, done, frozen in space-time.

And then the Shores beneath my feet themselves shift in scope beyond all measurement into a star field, a galaxy slowly turning beneath my feet, or a whole field of galaxies, or a supernova, or a quasar, or the entire universe itself. Like sands on the Shores of Time so are the Stars in the whole of the Universe. Like the rippling of the waves along the Shoreline, so are the Great Cosmic Events throughout all existence. Like the crash of the waves on the rocks, so are the supernovae, the galatic collisions, stars spiraling down great black holes flashed into x-rays.

I stand at the apex of 13 billion years of space-time evolution to contemplate its Path, and wonder at all the details of its Grandeur. I am known to the intricate fabric of Space-Time, and it is known to me.

I AM. I am one with the Universe and everything in it.

I KNOW. I know and understand The Path.

I WAIT. I await my time to take my rightful place in this Universe as a diminutive speck of dust wrapped in billions of light-years of existence.

I LOOK. I look upon the seascape of all existence and see myself staring back at me. The Circuit is now Complete, as it is time for the Next Phase.

And so I stand, thinking.

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The Philosophy of Atheism

April 5th, 2008 by fred

As you may have guessed, this is my response to The Philosophy of Religion by Hegel. To his credit, Hegel did have some interesting things to say about “truth”, but to this 21st-century brain I must declare his pronouncements metaphoric; he appears to equate “God” with “Absolute Truth”, and a “Unity” that at once attempts to be pure and singular. But given the state of knowledge in the late 1700’s, I feel I must excuse him otherwise; he basically did the best with what he had to work with.

What is “Truth”?

What indeed is “truth”? is it more than just a collection of “facts”? Does it not imply objectivity? Can “truth” be purely subjective? How can we know for sure that we are actually dealing with real “truth”? Can not “truth” be written down as a set of provable predicates?

It would appear that the meaning of “truth” is an ongoing debate among philosophers and mathematicians. Since I tend to sit in three worlds — science, mathematics, and philosophy — I must say that I myself have no firm definition of “truth”. However, I will attempt one here.

“Truth” is the instantiated objective reality, or some part thereof. By “instantiated”, it must require some actual existence in some realm. By “objective”, it must be more than just a thought in our minds. By “reality”, it must have some level of endurance. That is, it must be able to stand up to tests and challenge.

A religionist of the Christian faith would define “truth” differently, of course, and most likely closer to the lines of Hegel, that is, some aspect of “God”, or some sort of “universal absolution” having to do with “God”. I must reject this notion of truth, because it is based upon and assumes a truth of a myth, that is, of this “God” thing itself. It begins with the assumption, for the most part, that this “God” actually exists, and attempts to explain all of actual existence in terms of this unsubstantiated assumption. When pressed on this very issue, the typical religionist of the Christian faith falls back to — well, “faith”. But what is this “faith?” is is clearly nothing more than the belief in unsubstantiated assumptions, made mystique by the word. It is seen as something to “aspire” to, which seems ridiculous to this author. Truly, is casting aside logic and rationality something one should really seek to aspire to?

For those of us not so predisposed to embracing fantasies as a basis for thought, it does make sense that truth should be something measurable, testable in some realm, and amenable to logic. If we can’t agree on anything else, I think we can agree on that as being the starting point.

The Objective Reality of Atheism

Now that we — at least for the sake of this argument — have establish truth as the instantiated objective reality, what now? Is it possible to “objectify” our stand on Atheism? Of course, an Atheist need not objectify his stand on Atheism anymore than a Religionist needs to objectify his stand on religion. But the author deems it helpful to be able to objectify it, if for no other reason than to buttress to memes of Atheism against the overpowering memes of Religion. Most religious memes play to one central point: our emotions. Indeed, our emotions become the “instruction set”, borrowing from computer science, for the religious memes to “execute” — that is to say, the religious memes programs it religious hosts to think in terms of emotions rather than rationality, to not question rather than take a critical edge. The religious memes have a tendency to render its hosts “mindless”, and hence the author has taken to referring to said hosts as “Mindless Vessels of Belief”. This may seem like a harsh criticism, but many years of observation in many venues leads this author to no other logical conclusion. But the discussion of religious memes and “Mindless Vessels of Belief” are beyond the scope of this discussion and will be discussed elsewhere.

To firmly establish our stand on Atheism on the basis of epistemology, we need only ask one question: Which god? Out of a countless number of god-scenarios, of which one are we supposed to choose? Since this fabled “god” cannot be objectified, that opens up the entire panetheon to many, many, god-possibilities, including many that humans never thought of or have yet to consider. If you give credence to one god-notion over another, how can you possibly objectify that selection? This also nullifies Pascal’s Wager, because if you choose to believe in the wrong god, you still loose whilst having giving up something in life, and the chances of getting the choice correct in a set of “infinite” god-scenarios is — well, let us say you’d have much better chances winning the lottery!

But, to entertain Pascal’s Wager a bit more for what it’s worth, why not believe in all god-scenarios? Outside of your head exploding, how can you believe in the many you know nothing of, or can even be expected to know? Some god-scenarios may exclude others, such as is the case with the Christian god-scenario. Of those god-scenarios that are actually known to humans, there are literary thousands, and one could easily spend an entire lifetime learning abou them! Some may require more than just mere belief; some god-scenarios may actually require action of some sort. Quite simply, mere “belief” may not be enough. Also, if you knew for absolute fact that there was only one “valid” god-scenario, you obviously would have a way to objectify the existence of said “god”, so a “wager” would be unnecessary. In lieu of this, the actual expectations, looking at reality and not Pascal’s limited assumptions about “god-scenarios” would be to live your life as you see fit without reference to any deity. In other words, don’t waste your time.

The Actual Reality of the Universe

So now that we’ve stripped away any “justification” for believing in deities, what’s a poor Atheist to do? Is it really true that you must “believe in something”, as many religionist claim? Or is it possible to simply have no belief at all?

The author firmly hold that not only is it possible to have no belief in any deity, but that notion is the true definition of an Atheist — one who simply lacks a belief in any deity, in any of the myriad “god-scenarios”.

But some may still feel that there is “something out there” — basically, that there is more to the Universe than “meets the eye”. For sure, we diminutive humans simply do not posses all the knowledge of the Universe, though our collective understanding grows by leaps and bounds everyday. Our theories of cosmology are constantly being improved; our understanding of quantum realities is always being advanced, and we are growing on a daily basis in our understanding of complex dynamical/self-adaptive systems of all sorts.

And with all of that, the Universe still holds some deep mysteries beyond our grasp. So, there is still plenty of room for new discoveries and enhancements of our understanding. There are still many things to hold our awe and wonder. But because we may have an awe and wonder about the universe, does that obviate Atheism? Absolutely not! Atheism has to do with a lack of belief in deities; as long as we aren’t deifying some aspect of the Universe, we can still remain Atheists and still feel as though “something’s out there” — some deep mystery still left to be found, some profound universal truth yet to be uncovered. As long as we are willing to submit our questions and gleam to the rigors of the process of science, we may remain (and proudly so!) Atheists.

Conclusions

And so, there you have it. Atheism — really, healthy skepticism in disguise — is the natural choice. While beliefs in fantasies may have some limited reward, that “reward” is cheap in comparasion to the awe and wonder of the Universe borne out of understanding, knowledge, logic and reason. For this reason, I do posses an awe and wonder, but it is founded on the firm pillars of Mathematics, Science, Logic and Reason. I personally consider any other foundation to be null and void. Your opinions may differ, of course, and you are certainly welcome to them. But I see no better way of knowing, of ascertaining the truth, of having any certainty at all of making the correct choices in life that will affect myself for the rest of time.

So the choice is yours. My conerstones are Mathematics, Science, Logic and Reason. What are yours?

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